Jawaharlal Nehru

Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru (14 November, 1889 - 7 May, 1964), Indian National Congress politicians, Indian independence movement leader and independent India's first prime minister. Enlightened, idealist, scholar and diplomat Nehru was an internationally famous personality. Nehru was also famous as a writer. His three famous books - 'An Autobiography', 'Glimpses of World History', and 'Discovery of India' have been classical literature in English.

His father, Motilal Nehru, was a wealthy politician, lawyer and activist of the Indian Independence Movement. Under Mahatma Gandhi's leadership, Nehru appeared as one of the main leaders of the Indian National Congress. As India's first Prime Minister, he lifted the flag of independent India on 15 August 1947. Later, his daughter Indira Gandhi and grandson Rajiv Gandhi served as the Prime Minister of India.

Early life

Jawaharlal Nehru was born in 1889 in the city of Allahabad on the banks of the river Ganges. His father, Motilal Nehru, and mother Swaroop Rani. Motilal Nehru started living in Allahabad and was established as a lawyer. At this time, Motilal Nehru became active in Congress politics. Jawaharlal and his two sisters, Vijaya Lakshmi and Krishnan. After studying at the most modern school of India, Nehru went to Harrow in England at the age of 15. He studied in Trinity College, Cambridge University on Nature Science Study. Then he started reading the barrister in Cambridge. While studying in England, Nehru was active in the Indian Students' Parliament. At this time he was attracted to socialism.

After returning to India, Jawaharlal Nehru married Kamala Kaul on 8 February 1916. He was 27 and his wife was 16. In the next year, Kamala Kaul's only daughter, Indira Priyadarshini, was born. With the establishment of himself as a lawyer during the First World War, Nehru joined Indian politics. In 1916, at the Laxmu Conference, the Congress declared India's independence. At that time Nehru joined the politics of Congress by holding his father's hand. Although Mahatma Gandhi did not play active role in the politics of Congress before coming to India.

Young leader Nehru

Gandhi's philosophy and leadership deeply attracted Jawaharlal Nehru. Prior to this, Gandhi led a revolt of South Africa's contracted Indian workers. Back to India, Gandhi organized a movement against the taxes imposed by the British government on farmers and laborers in Chamberan and Kheda. Gandhi's policy Satyagraha and non-violence. During the Chamberan movement, Nehru came to know Gandhi and helped him.

Under the influence of Mahatma Gandhi, the Nehru family left the life of their luxuries. From then on, Nehru used to wear clothes made from Khadi. Nehru started reading the Bhagwat Gita and yoga exercises under Gandhi's influence. He took advice from Gandhi in his personal life and spent most of his time with Gandhi. As a prominent organizer, Nehru became very popular in northern India, especially in the United Provinces, Bihar and Central Provinces. After his father Motilal and Gandhi were arrested, Nehru imprisoned for a few months, including his mother and sisters. Gandhi kept the hunger strike in jail at that time. 1922 On February 4, when two rebels killed in Chaurichauri, Gandhi left the hunger strike protesting violent incidents. After this incident, Motilal Nehru left the Congress and joined Swaraj Party, although Nehru stayed with Gandhi in Congress.

Keeping in mind the social problems and the local government, keeping the nationalist activities suspended. He was elected president of Allahabad Municipal Corporation in 1924. He has been in this position for two years.

India's first prime minister

On August 15, 1947, Nehru took over as the first Prime Minister of India. During his time, it was widely industrialized in India. At that time, India-Pakistan and China-India war were fought. Indian Prime Minister Nehru and Pakistan's Prime Minister Liaquat Ali Khan agreed to establish a peaceful relationship between India and Pakistan. He served as the Prime Minister of India till May 27, 1964.

Indian Politics

In 1920, Nehru was elected the President of the All India Workers Union Congress. At that time Subhas Chandra Bose was a very influential leader. In 1928 Motilal Nehru's Report was published. In this, "Dominion status" is demanded to the British government for India. Mahatma Gandhi declared, if India is not given Dominion status within two years, it will start the full independence movement of India. In the Lahore conference in Lahore in 1929, Nehru was elected Congress President by Gandhi's suggestion.

On December 31, 1929, Congress President Nehru lifted the flag of Indian independence in a public meeting on the banks of River Ravi. On January 26, 1930, the Congress called for Purn Swaraj movement. After taxing on salt, Nehru called for a mass movement by traveling to other parts of the country, including Gujarat. He was arrested at that time. From 1931 to 1935, except for just four months, he was in prison with sister and wife. Nehru's father Motilal Nehru died in 1931.

Death

After the 1st India-China War of 1962, Nehru became ill and took rest for a while in Kashmir. After returning from Kashmir in May 1964, Nehru was attacked with heart disease. Finally, on 27 May 1964 Nehru died in his office.